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Un nervio defectuoso - Neuropatía focal

Neuropatía is not as uncommon as you may think and for the most part, treatment is not difficult to follow. However, this condition can be debilitating if it is left untreated. Focal neuropathy is a type of neuropathy is that only affects one nerve. It can be caused by a number of different reasons. 

Focal Neuropathy

At Tratamiento Integrado Del Dolor, focal neuropathy is just one of the many conditions we treat. We believe patient education is just as important as diagnosis and treatment. If you have focal neuropathy, read through this guide for a better understanding of the condition, including common forms of focal neuropathy, causes and treatment options. 

Visión general

As stated previously, focal neuropathy is a form of neuropathy that affects a single nerve. This form of neuropathy often occurs in the hand, head, torso, or leg but is not as common as peripheral or autonomic neuropathy.

Puede haber o no dolor, seguido de pérdida de sensibilidad, fuerza y función general, dependiendo del tipo. Estos tipos de neuropatías suelen deberse a lesiones, compresión, envejecimiento, trastornos inflamatorios u otras enfermedades sistémicas.

Neuropatía focal can develop if there has been a prolonged period of swelling or pressure placed on a specific point in the body such as the hands, feet, or face. It can also develop over time due to high blood sugar or high levels of fats, such as triglycerides, in the blood from diabetes which damages the nerves and the small blood vessels that nourish your nerves. Symptoms include loss of feeling, tingling, burning, muscle weakness, and paralysis. 

Lea los siguientes ejemplos de neuropatía focal para saber más.

Síndrome del túnel carpiano

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common focal neuropathy and is caused by entrapment of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel at the wrist. It is a slowly progressive condition causing tingling, numbness, and pain in the hand and fingers (possibly sparing the pinky finger), with weakness and wasting of muscle at the base of the thumb. It is diagnosed based on clinical information (history and physical examination) and confirmed by electrodiagnostic tests (EDx) consisting of nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG).

Neuropatía cubital

Ulnar neuropathy is the second most common entrapment neuropathy and most commonly occurs at the elbow. It presents with weakness of the hand, along with tingling, numbness, and pain in the inner side of the hand and fingers (half of ring finger and pinky). It is often triggered by irritation of the “funny bone” where the nerve is exposed along the inner aspect of the elbow.  

Atrapamientos

Atrapamientos, or entrapment syndromes, are the most common type of focal neuropathy. They occur when nerves become compressed or trapped in areas where nerves pass through narrow passages between bones and tissues. People with diabetes are more likely to have entrapments than people without diabetes.

Otras neuropatías focales

Otras neuropatías focales que no afectan a nervios atrapados son mucho menos frecuentes. Estas neuropatías focales afectan con mayor frecuencia a los adultos mayores. Algunos ejemplos son las neuropatías craneales, que afectan a los nervios de la cabeza. Las neuropatías craneales pueden causar problemas oculares o en los músculos de la cara. Los síntomas dependen del nervio afectado.

Cambios en el estilo de vida

Vivir con neuropatías focales puede suponer un reto, por lo que es importante plantearse ciertos cambios en el estilo de vida para evitar que la enfermedad progrese. Estos cambios pueden incluir: 

  • > Perder peso.

  • > Hacer ejercicio.

  • > Control de los niveles de azúcar en sangre.

  • > No fumar.

  • > Limitar el alcohol.

  • > Asegúrate de que las lesiones e infecciones no pasan desapercibidas o no se tratan (esto es especialmente cierto para las personas que padecen neuropatías diabéticas).

  • > Mejorar las deficiencias vitamínicas.

  • > Gestión del estrés y práctica de la atención plena.

  • > Asistir a fisioterapia.

  • > Uso de aparatos ortopédicos para compensar la debilidad y la pérdida de equilibrio.

  • > Asegúrate de que tu entorno incluye dispositivos de ayuda (como bastones o andadores) y está bien iluminado para reducir el riesgo de caídas.

Aun así, lo más importante que puede hacer para frenar la progresión de la neuropatía es acudir a su médico y discutir su plan de cuidados. Juntos podréis controlar los síntomas, reducir el dolor y volver a disfrutar de la vida. 

¿Qué opciones de tratamiento tiene?

Your doctor may treat focal neuropathy pain with the same medicines used to treat peripheral neuropathy pain.To treat a focal neuropathy that involves a trapped nerve, your doctor may recommend: 

> uso de una férula o corsé para aliviar la presión sobre el nervio

> medicamentos que reducen la inflamación

> cirugía, si otros tratamientos no funcionan

Por lo general, estas formas de tratamiento dan buenos resultados, pero si no es así, se recurre a formas de tratamiento más complejas: 

> Increase Blood Flow – Since damaged blood vessels cannot bring adequate nutrition & oxygen to the nerves, this must be corrected in order for the nerves to heal and function properly.

> Stimulate Nerve Fibers – It’s crucial that once we get more blood to the nerves, to re-educate the nerve back to normal function. Certain devices can be used to repair the damaged nerves, and start to make them healthy once again.

> Physical Therapy – Our approach to physical therapy focuses on stimulating the damaged nerves to reduce pain and improve balance while decreasing brain-based pain.

En el caso de las neuropatías focales que no afectan a nervios atrapados, la mayoría de las personas se recuperan en unas semanas o meses, incluso sin tratamiento.

FAQs About Focal Neuropathy

1. How long does focal neuropathy last?
The duration of focal neuropathy depends on its cause. Some cases resolve with treatment and time, while others may lead to chronic symptoms. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes.

2. Is focal neuropathy reversible?
In some cases, especially when caused by reversible factors like compression or nutritional deficiencies, focal neuropathy can improve with proper treatment. Chronic or severe nerve damage, however, may result in lasting symptoms.

3. Can focal neuropathy be prevented?
While not all cases can be prevented, steps to reduce risk include:

> Proper management of diabetes and other chronic conditions.

> Avoiding repetitive motions that strain specific nerves.

> Maintaining a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals.

Avoiding alcohol and tobacco, which can damage nerves.

El equipo de Tratamiento Integrado Del Dolor

Focal neuropathy is just one of many conditions treated at Tratamiento Integrado Del Dolor. Our team is dedicated to getting you the quality of life you deserve. We take into consideration all factors of your life to make sure the treatment plan we develop for you suits all your needs. If you are experiencing persistent pain, contact our team today!

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